UPSC Notes

BRICS Grouping and its Evolving Role in Global Governance

PYQs

8

Articles

1

Momentum

21

Phase IFoundation

Background

Overview

India is a founding and prominent member of BRICS. Understanding its evolution, objectives, challenges, and impact on global geopolitics, trade, and India's foreign policy is crucial for GS2. Its role in shaping a multipolar world and potential for de-dollarization are significant.

BRICS is an intergovernmental organization comprising major emerging economies, initially Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It was formed to promote cooperation among its members and to provide an alternative voice in global governance, challenging the traditional Western-dominated international order.

Phase IIStatic core

Facts & tables

Key facts

Original Members

Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa

Expansion (2024)

Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, UAE

Prospective Member (2025)

Indonesia

Economic & Demographic Heft

Accounts for half the world's population, two-fifths of the global economy, and a fourth of global trade

Reference table

Static syllabus anchors

TypeReference
Conceptual areaInternational Relations

Reference table

Institutions & roles

BodyRole
BRICSFacilitates cooperation
Phase IIIExam lens

Prelims angle

Overview

Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis

Prelims angle: Factual recall

Quick revision

  • BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa + 5 new members (2024).
  • Represents significant global economic and demographic share.
  • Aims to foster cooperation and challenge Western-centric global order.
  • Faces challenges in achieving consensus due to diverse member interests.
  • India plays a key role in its evolution and agenda setting.

High-confidence PYQs

Topic timeline

International Relations

More heft: On India and the 18th BRICS Summit

12 Sep 2026 · BRICS, an expanded bloc of emerging economies, seeks to enhance cooperation and influence global governance, presenting a significant counterpoint to traditional Western dominance despite internal challenges to consensus.

Read article

Related topics

Current topic

BRICS Grouping and its Evolving Role in Global Governance

Practice writing on this topic

UPSC has asked 8 linked questions on BRICS Grouping and its Evolving Role in Global Governance in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.

UPSC Prelims PYQs on BRICS Grouping and its Evolving Role in Global Governance

Practice official previous year questions asked by UPSC related to this concept.

Editorial & Review Process

Every revision note and practice question on UPSC Practice is researched using authoritative primary sources and reviewed for factual accuracy, syllabus relevance, and exam value. Read our Editorial Policy.

Verified Quality