UPSC Notes

Deep Ocean Mission (DOM)

PYQs

10

Articles

1

Momentum

25

Phase IFoundation

Background

Overview

The Deep Ocean Mission is crucial for India's strategic interests in ocean resources, fostering technological self-reliance, addressing climate change adaptation, and conserving marine biodiversity. It showcases India's scientific and technological capabilities and its commitment to the Blue Economy and international ocean governance.

The Deep Ocean Mission (DOM) is a flagship initiative launched by the Government of India in 2021 to explore and sustainably harness ocean living and non-living resources. It aims to develop technologies for deep-sea mining, human submersibles, ocean climate services, biodiversity conservation, and renewable energy from the ocean, contributing to India's Blue Economy.

Phase IIStatic core

Facts & tables

Key facts

Launch Year

2021

Nodal Ministry

Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES)

Flagship Project

MATSYA-6000 (manned submersible)

Key Resources Targeted

Polymetallic nodules, polymetallic sulphides, ocean thermal energy, deep-sea biodiversity

Launch and Objectives

Launched in 2021 by the Government of India to explore and utilize ocean resources (e.g., polymetallic nodules, OTEC) for the Blue Economy.

Key Verticals

Encompasses six verticals: deep-sea mining technologies, ocean climate services, deep-sea biodiversity, ocean surveys, ocean energy/freshwater, and marine biology stations.

Technological Achievements

Development of MATSYA-6000 human submersible, deep-sea nodule collector, advanced ocean models, and indigenous ocean research vessel.

Biodiversity & Exploration

Isolation of deep-sea microbes, discovery of new species, establishment of Marine Microbial Repository, and identification of hydrothermal vent fields.

Reference table

Key Verticals of Deep Ocean Mission

VerticalFocus Area
1Deep-sea mining technologies, human submersible, underwater robotics
2Ocean Climate Change Advisory Services
3Deep-sea biodiversity exploration & conservation
4Deep-ocean survey & exploration
5Energy & freshwater from the ocean
6Advanced Marine Station for Ocean Biology

Reference table

Static syllabus anchors

TypeReference
Conceptual areaScience & Technology
Conceptual areaEnvironmental Law & Policy
Conceptual areaBiotechnology & Genetic Engineering
Conceptual areaRenewable & Clean Energy

Reference table

Institutions & roles

BodyRole
Ministry of Earth SciencesImplements
International Seabed Authority (ISA)Regulates
National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT)Develops deep-sea technologies (e.g., matsya-6000)
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)Develops ocean climate advisory services, strengthens observation
Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology (CMLRE)Conducts deep-sea biodiversity studies
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE)Constructs ocean research vessels
Phase IIIExam lens

Prelims angle

Overview

Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis

Prelims angle: Factual recall

Quick revision

  • Launched 2021 by MoES for sustainable ocean resource exploration.
  • Six verticals: tech, climate, biodiversity, survey, energy, biology station.
  • Key projects: MATSYA-6000 submersible, deep-sea nodule collector.
  • Aims to harness polymetallic nodules, OTEC, and deep-sea biodiversity.
  • Contributes to India's Blue Economy and technological self-reliance.

High-confidence PYQs

Topic timeline

Science & TechnologyEnvironmental Law & PolicyBiotechnology & Genetic EngineeringRenewable & Clean Energy

PARLIAMENT QUESTION: IMPACT AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE DEEP OCEAN MISSION

05 Aug 2026 · India's multi-faceted Deep Ocean Mission (DOM) aims to develop advanced technologies for sustainable exploration and utilization of deep-sea resources, contributing to the nation's Blue Economy and scientific leadership in oceanography.

Read article

Related topics

Current topic

Deep Ocean Mission (DOM)

Practice writing on this topic

UPSC has asked 10 linked questions on Deep Ocean Mission (DOM) in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.

UPSC Prelims PYQs on Deep Ocean Mission (DOM)

Practice official previous year questions asked by UPSC related to this concept.

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2025·Environment & Ecology
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2025·Environment & Ecology
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