Denuclearization of Iran
International Relations
- PYQs8
- Articles1
Background
This concept is crucial for understanding global nuclear non-proliferation efforts, regional stability in the Middle East, the dynamics of international diplomacy, and the effectiveness of multilateral agreements. Its resolution or escalation has significant geopolitical and economic implications, including for global energy security and India's strategic interests.
Denuclearization of Iran refers to international efforts aimed at preventing Iran from developing nuclear weapons, primarily through agreements that limit its nuclear enrichment capabilities and allow for international inspections. This has been a central issue in global geopolitics, leading to various diplomatic initiatives and sanctions regimes.
Facts & tables
- International Concern
- Concerns over Iran's nuclear ambitions have driven international diplomatic efforts for decades.
- Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
- A landmark 2015 agreement between Iran and P5+1 countries (US, UK, France, China, Russia + Germany) plus the EU, aimed at limiting Iran's nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.
- US Withdrawal
- The United States withdrew from the JCPOA in 2018, reimposing sanctions and escalating tensions.
- Ongoing Diplomacy
- Current talks, such as those in Qatar, focus on reviving or establishing new agreements to ensure the peaceful nature of Iran's nuclear activities.
| Type | Reference |
|---|---|
| Conceptual area | International Relations |
| Body | Role |
|---|---|
| International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) | Monitors and verifies iran's compliance with nuclear agreements |
Prelims angle
Prelims angle: Statement-based questions
Prelims angle: Factual recall
- Focus on preventing Iran's nuclear weapons development.
- JCPOA (2015) was a major international agreement.
- US withdrawal in 2018 led to renewed tensions.
- Ongoing talks aim to restore or create new agreements.
- Impacts global non-proliferation and Middle East stability.
| Year | Framing tags |
|---|---|
| 2026 | Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis |
| 2026 | Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis |
| 2025 | Factual recall, Conceptual understanding |
| 2023 | Statement-based questions, Factual recall |
| 2023 | Statement-based questions, Conceptual understanding |
| 2022 | Multi-statement analysis, Institutional roles and functions |
| 2016 | Statement-based questions, Factual recall |
| 2015 | Statement-based questions, Conceptual understanding |
Timeline
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International Relations
Conceptual area
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Prelims 2015
Statement-based questions, Conceptual understanding
-
Prelims 2016
Statement-based questions, Factual recall
-
Prelims 2022
Multi-statement analysis, Institutional roles and functions
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Prelims 2023
Statement-based questions, Factual recall
-
Prelims 2023
Statement-based questions, Conceptual understanding
-
Prelims 2025
Factual recall, Conceptual understanding
-
Prelims 2026
Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis
-
Prelims 2026
Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis
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Trump says the U.S. and Iran ‘getting along very well’
The article reports on President Trump's statement regarding positive progress in US-Iran relations, specifically mentioning successful indirect talks in Qatar concerning Iran's denuclearization. Discussions also covered the establishment of a communication channel to report violations of an initial memorandum of understanding and the release of $6 billion in frozen Iranian assets held in Qatar, which Iran demands for purchasing essential goods.
See also
Past papers
2015–2026 · 7 questions
In the news
Trump says the U.S. and Iran ‘getting along very well’
The article reports on President Trump's statement regarding positive progress in US-Iran relations, specifically mentioning successful indirect talks in Qatar concerning Iran's denuclearization. Discussions also covered the establishment of a communication channel to report violations of an initial memorandum of understanding and the release of $6 billion in frozen Iranian assets held in Qatar, which Iran demands for purchasing essential goods.
Try these PYQs
Consider the following statements regarding the India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS):
1. The summit held in 2015 marked the third edition of the IAFS.
2. The IAFS mechanism was instituted under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct: The Third India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS-III) was hosted in New Delhi in October 2015. The first and second summits were held in 2008 (New Delhi) and 2011 (Addis Ababa), respectively, making the 2015 event the third edition. Statement 2 is incorrect: The India-Africa Forum Summit was institutionalized in 2008 to serve as the official platform for African-Indian relations. While Jawaharlal Nehru was a pioneer of Afro-Asian solidarity (e.g., the Asian Relations Conference of 1947), the IAFS is a distinct 21st-century initiative and was not established in 1951.
Consider the following statements:
Statement-I :Israel has established diplomatic relations with some Arab States.
Statement-II :The 'Arab Peace Initiative' Mediated by Saudi Arabia was signed by Israel and Arab League.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
* Statement I is correct: Several Arab states, including Egypt, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Morocco, and Sudan, have established diplomatic relations with Israel. * Statement II is incorrect: The Arab Peace Initiative, mediated by Saudi Arabia, was endorsed by the Arab League but not signed by Israel. It outlines a path towards peace in exchange for Israeli concessions, but Israel has not formally accepted all its terms.
With reference to ‘Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC)’, Consider the following statements:
1. It was established very recently in response to incidents of piracy and accidents of oil spills
2. It is an alliance meant for maritime security only
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect. IOR-ARC is a regional cooperation initiative of the Indian Ocean Rim countries. It was established in Mauritius in March 1997 with the aim of promoting economic and technical cooperation. IOR-ARC is the only pan-Indian ocean grouping. It brings together countries from three continents having different sizes, economic strengths, and a wide diversity of languages, cultures. Statement 2 is incorrect. It aims to create a platform for trade, socio-economic and cultural cooperation in the Indian Ocean rim area. The Indian Ocean Rim is rich in strategic and precious minerals, metals and other natural resources, marine resources and energy, all of which can be sourced from Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ), continental shelves and the deep seabed.
Consider the following statements :
Statement-I: Recently, the United States of America (USA) and the European Union (EU) have launched the 'Trade and Technology Council'
Statement-II: The USA and the EU claim that through this they are trying to begin technological progress and physical productivity under their control.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statement?
* Statement 1 is correct: Trade and Technology Council was launched by the the United States of America and the European Union during the EU-US Summit on 15 June 2021 in Brussels. * Statement 2 is incorrect: Trade and Technology council, the USA and EU does not aim to bring technological progress and physical productivity under their control. Rather the initiative intends to promote pooling of digital resources such as AI models and computing power, and make them available to partner countries to address challenges in areas such as climate change and extreme weather, healthcare or smart agriculture.
Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists :
| List I (UN Peacekeeping Operation) | List II (Period of Operation) |
|---|---|
| A. UNMIL | 1. 2007 - 2010 |
| B. MINURCAT | 2. 2002 - 2005 |
| C. MINUSTAH | 3. 2003 - 2018 |
| D. UNMISET | 4. 2004 - 2017 |
The correct matching of the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations with their respective periods of operation is as follows: * UNMIL (United Nations Mission in Liberia): Established in September 2003 following the end of the Second Liberian Civil War, this mission aimed to support the implementation of the ceasefire agreement and the peace process. It officially closed on March 30, 2018. Thus, A matches 3.
* MINURCAT (United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad): Established in September 2007 to protect civilians, promote human rights, and support regional peace in the face of spillover violence from the Darfur conflict. Its mandate officially ended on December 31, 2010. Thus, B matches 1.
* MINUSTAH (United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti): Established in April 2004 after the 2004 Haitian coup d'état to restore a secure and stable environment. The mission officially ended on October 15, 2017, transitioning to a smaller justice support mission (MINUJUSTH). Thus, C matches 4.
* UNMISET (United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor): Established on May 20, 2002, to provide assistance to the newly independent nation of East Timor (Timor-Leste) in developing core administrative structures and maintaining security. It successfully completed its mandate on May 20, 2005. Thus, D matches 2. Therefore, the correct matching is A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.
Show 3 more PYQs
The Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany visited India in January, 2026. Which of the following is/are **not** correct in terms of outcomes of this visit ?
1. Signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between the All India Institute of Ayurveda and the University of Hamburg
2. Signing of a Memorandum of Understanding on Youth Hockey Development between Hockey India and the German Hockey Federation
3. Establishment of a bilateral dialogue mechanism on the Indo-Pacific
4. Opening of an Honorary Consul of Germany in Lucknow
Select the answer using the code given below :
Statement 1 is Incorrect: During the visit, an MoU was signed to strengthen cooperation in traditional medicine between Gujarat Ayurveda University and German institutions. (An earlier MoU in late 2025 was agreed upon between the All India Institute of Ayurveda and Charité Universitätsmedizin in Berlin, not the University of Hamburg). Statement 2 is Correct: A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Youth Hockey Development was officially signed between Hockey India and the German Hockey Federation. Statement 3 is Correct: The two nations announced the establishment of a new bilateral dialogue mechanism on the Indo-Pacific, alongside a Track 1.5 Foreign Policy and Security Dialogue. Statement 4 is Incorrect: Following the Chancellor's focus on Gujarat, Germany announced the appointment of an Honorary Consul in Ahmedabad to foster closer cooperation in the western region, rather than in Lucknow. Since the question asks for the statements that are not correct, statements 1 and 4 fit the criteria. Therefore, the correct option is B.
India is one of the founding members of the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), a multimodal transportation corridor, which will connect
The International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is a multimodal transport network aimed at boosting trade between India, Central Asia, Russia, and Europe, using a combination of sea, rail, and road routes via Iran. The corridor connects Mumbai → Bandar Abbas (Iran) → Azerbaijan → Russia → Europe, with access to Central Asia.
With reference to the United Nations General Assembly, consider the following statements:
1. The UN General Assembly can grant observer status to the non-member States.
2. Inter-governmental organisations can seek observer status in the UN General Assembly.
3. Permanent Observers in the UN General Assembly can maintain missions at the UN headquarters.
Which of the statements given above are correct ?
Statement 1 is correct. The United Nations General Assembly may grant non-member states, international organizations, and other entities Permanent Observer Status. Statement 2 is correct. The General Assembly decided that observer status would be confined to States and intergovernmental organizations whose activities cover matters of interest to the Assembly. Statement 3 is correct. Permanent Observers may participate in the sessions and workings of the General Assembly and maintain missions at the UN Headquarters.