Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
The IWT is a landmark treaty in India-Pakistan relations, often tested for its historical context, provisions, and its role in bilateral diplomacy, especially in the context of cross-border terrorism and water security.
The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) is a water-distribution treaty between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank, that governs the sharing of the waters of the Indus River System. Signed in 1960, it allocates the eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) to India and the western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) to Pakistan, with provisions for limited Indian use of western river waters for non-consumptive purposes.