Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC often asks about international organizations, their mandates, membership, and controversies surrounding them, especially concerning international justice and human rights. The ICC's role in holding individuals accountable for grave international crimes and the challenges it faces due to non-membership of key states are crucial for understanding global governance and international law.
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international judicial body established by the Rome Statute in 2002, mandated to prosecute individuals for the most serious international crimes: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression, when national courts are unwilling or unable to do so.