Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015
Social Justice & Development
- PYQs8
- Articles1
Background
This Act is the cornerstone of child protection legislation in India, crucial for understanding social justice, governance, and the legal framework for vulnerable sections. Knowledge of its provisions and the bodies it establishes is essential for GS2.
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, is a comprehensive statutory framework in India that provides for the care, protection, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of children in need of care and protection (CNCP) and children in conflict with law (CCL). It replaced the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000.
Facts & tables
- Purpose
- Comprehensive framework for CNCP and CCL
- Key Provisions
- Mandates registration of Child Care Institutions (CCIs), evaluation of service delivery structures, emphasis on family-based care.
- Statutory Bodies
- Establishes Juvenile Justice Boards (JJBs) and Child Welfare Committees (CWCs).
- Rehabilitation Focus
- Stipulates rehabilitation and social reintegration based on Individual Care Plans, prioritizing family-based care.
| Section | Provision |
|---|---|
| Section 39 | Rehabilitation and social reintegration through Individual Care Plan, preferably family-based care. |
| Section 40 | Restoration and protection by CCIs; CWC empowers restoration to parents/guardians. |
| Section 41 | Mandatory registration of all Child Care Institutions. |
| Section 42 | Penal action for non-registration of Child Care Institutions. |
| Section 55 | Evaluation of functioning of service delivery structures (JJB, CWC, etc.). |
| Type | Reference |
|---|---|
| Conceptual area | Social Justice & Development |
| Body | Role |
|---|---|
| Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) | Statutory body for children in conflict with law |
| Child Welfare Committee (CWC) | Statutory body for children in need of care and protection |
| Child Care Institutions (CCIs) | Provide institutional care |
Prelims angle
Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis
Prelims angle: Factual recall
- Comprehensive law for CNCP and CCL.
- Mandates registration of Child Care Institutions (CCIs).
- Establishes Juvenile Justice Boards (JJBs) and Child Welfare Committees (CWCs).
- Prioritizes family-based rehabilitation and social reintegration.
- Provides for evaluation of service delivery structures.
| Year | Framing tags |
|---|---|
| 2026 | Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall |
| 2026 | Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall |
| 2024 | Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall |
| 2024 | Factual recall, Conceptual understanding |
| 2023 | Statement-based questions, Multi-statement analysis |
| 2018 | Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall |
| 2017 | Statement-based questions, Factual recall |
| 2016 | Factual recall, Purpose or function of a policy tool |
Timeline
-
Social Justice & Development
Conceptual area
-
Prelims 2016
Factual recall, Purpose or function of a policy tool
-
Prelims 2017
Statement-based questions, Factual recall
-
Prelims 2018
Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall
-
Prelims 2023
Statement-based questions, Multi-statement analysis
-
Prelims 2024
Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall
-
Prelims 2024
Factual recall, Conceptual understanding
-
Prelims 2026
Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall
-
Prelims 2026
Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall
-
Ministry of Women and Child Development continuously monitors and reviews the implementation of Mission Vatsalya
The JJ Act, 2015, is India's primary law for child protection, covering children in need of care and protection and those in conflict with law. It mandates CCI registration, establishes JJBs and CWCs, and prioritizes family-based rehabilitation.
See also
Past papers
2016–2026 · 8 questions
In the news
Ministry of Women and Child Development continuously monitors and reviews the implementation of Mission Vatsalya
The JJ Act, 2015, is India's primary law for child protection, covering children in need of care and protection and those in conflict with law. It mandates CCI registration, establishes JJBs and CWCs, and prioritizes family-based rehabilitation.
Try these PYQs
Which of the following statements with regard to the persons with disabilities in India is/are correct ?
1. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, an Act passed by the Parliament of India in 2018, mandates reservation in education and employment, places a legal duty on Governments to ensure accessibility and non-discrimination.
2. The Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan focuses on achieving universal accessibility for Persons with Disabilities across three key domains — built infrastructure, transport systems and information and communication technology.
3. The National Divyangjan Finance and Development Corporation (NDFDC) is a public sector organisation set up by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs as a not-for-profit company to promote entrepreneurship among Persons with Disabilities (PwDs).
Select the answer using the code given below :
Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act was passed by the Parliament of India in 2016, not 2018. It aligns with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and places a legal obligation on governments to ensure non-discrimination and accessibility. It also mandates reservations for PwDs, such as increasing the quota to 4% in government employment and 5% in higher education. Statement 2 is Correct: The Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan (Accessible India Campaign) was launched in 2015 by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD). It focuses on achieving universal accessibility for Persons with Disabilities across three key domains: built infrastructure (barrier-free public buildings), transport systems (accessible railways, airports, and roads), and information and communication technology (accessible government websites and digital ecosystems). Statement 3 is Incorrect: The National Divyangjan Finance and Development Corporation (NDFDC) is a Central Public Sector Undertaking registered as a not-for-profit company to provide concessional financial assistance to promote entrepreneurship, self-employment, and higher education among PwDs. However, it was set up under the aegis of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, not the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. Therefore, the correct option is B.
With reference to the 'Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan', consider the following statements:
1. This scheme guarantees a minimum package of antenatal care services to women in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy and six months post-delivery health care service in any government health facility.
2. Under this scheme, private sector health care providers of certain specialities can volunteer to provide services at nearby government health facilities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
* Statement 1: Incorrect. The Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) provides a minimum package of antenatal care (ANC) services only during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It does not cover post-delivery health care services for six months. The focus is on ensuring safe pregnancies through early detection and management of high-risk cases. * Statement 2: Correct. Under PMSMA, private sector health care providers (such as gynecologists, radiologists, and physicians) can volunteer to provide free services at nearby government health facilities on the 9th of every month. This public-private partnership enhances access to specialized care for pregnant women.
With reference to the provisions made under the National Food Security Act, 2013 consider the following statements:
1. The families coming under the category of 'below poverty line (BPL)' only are eligible to receive subsidised grains.
2. The eldest woman in a household, of age 18 years or above, shall be the head of the household for the purpose of issuance of a ration card.
3. Pregnant women and lactating mothers are entitled to a take-home ration' of 1600 calories per day during pregnancy and for six months thereafter.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect: In 2013, NFSA was enacted to provide food security to 67% of the population in the form of highly subsidized food grains at Rs. 2 and 3 per Kg for wheat and rice respectively. Beneficiaries are identified using Socio-economic Caste Census (SECC) methodology so even non-BPL will also benefit. Statement 2 is correct: Under the NFSA, to issue ration cards the eldest woman of a household aged 18 years or above would be considered as head. Hence, this statement is correct. Statement 3 is incorrect: Pregnant women and lactating mothers are entitled to a nutritious take home ration of 600 Calories and a maternity benefit of at least Rs 6,000 for six months, says the official act.
Consider the following statements :
Statement-I :India's public sector health care system largely focuses on curative care with limited preventive, promotive and rehabilitative care.
Statement-II: Under India's decentralized approach to health care delivery, the States are primarily responsible for organizing health services.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
* Statement I is correct: India's public healthcare system prioritises curative care, which focuses on treating existing illnesses. Preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative care, which aims to prevent diseases, promote good health, and help people recover from illness, receive less emphasis. * Statement II is correct: India's healthcare system follows a decentralised approach. The central government sets policies and provides financial assistance, but individual states are responsible for organising and delivering health services to their populations. This allows for flexibility based on local needs and contexts.
Therefore, the answer is Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Which of the following statements with respect to the Revamped Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) is/are correct ?
1. The period of its implementation is 1st April, 2021 to 31st March, 2026.
2. The key objective of the Revamped RGSA is to develop the governance capabilities of the Panchayati Raj Institutions to deliver on the Sustainable Development Goals.
3. The share of the Central funding for the Revamped RGSA is 100% for all States and Union Territories.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Revamped Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) was approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs for implementation from 1st April 2022 to 31st March 2026 (co-terminus with the 15th Finance Commission period), not from 1st April 2021. Statement 2 is Correct: The primary objective of the revamped scheme is to develop and enhance the governance capabilities of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) so they can effectively deliver on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It focuses on the localization of SDGs at the grassroots level through inclusive local governance. Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Revamped RGSA is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, meaning the funding is shared between the Centre and the States. It is not 100% centrally funded for all States and UTs. The sharing pattern is 60:40 (Centre:State) for general category States, and 90:10 for North-Eastern States, Hilly States, and the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir. 100% Central funding applies only to other Union Territories and specific Central components of the scheme. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Show 3 more PYQs
Consider the following in respect of ‘National Career Service’:
1. National Career Service is an initiative of the Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India.
2. National Career Service has been launched in a Mission Mode to improve the employment opportunities to uneducated youth of the country.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect. The National Career Service is not an initiative of the Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. It is actually implemented by the Directorate General of Employment, Ministry of Labour & Employment. Statement 2 is incorrect. The National Career Service has indeed been launched in a Mission Mode, but it is not specifically targeted at improving the employment opportunities for uneducated youth of the country. It is a comprehensive platform providing a wide array of employment and career related services to all citizens of India, aiming to bridge the gap between jobseekers and employers, candidates seeking training and career guidance, and agencies providing training and career counselling.
With reference to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) rules in India, consider the following statements:
1. CSR rules specify that expenditures that benefit the company directly or its employees will not be considered as CSR activities.
2. CSR rules do not specify minimum spending on CSR activities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
* Statement 1: Correct. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) rules in India state that expenditures aimed at benefiting the company's business interests or its employees (such as those related to employee welfare or activities that are a direct business benefit) will not be counted as CSR activities. The focus of CSR is on activities that benefit society at large and not just the company or its direct stakeholders. * Statement 2: Incorrect. Under the Companies Act, 2013, CSR rules do specify a minimum spending requirement. Companies meeting certain criteria (like having a net worth of ₹500 crore or more, or an annual turnover of ₹1,000 crore or more, or a net profit of ₹5 crore or more) must allocate at least 2% of their average net profits over the last three years towards CSR activities. So, the correct answer is: A. 1 only
‘Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan’ is a national campaign to -
Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan is a national campaign to eradicate the practice of manual scavenging and rehabilitate manual scavengers in India. It was launched in 2001 by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment with the aim of:
- Eliminating manual scavenging: This involves identifying and prohibiting the practice of manual cleaning of human excreta from sewers, septic tanks, and other unsanitary places.
- Rehabilitating manual scavengers: This includes providing alternative livelihoods, social security, and educational opportunities to those who have been engaged in manual scavenging.