Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
It's a critical constitutional provision that impacts the balance between legislative power, fundamental rights, and judicial review, often invoked by states seeking to protect their laws, especially those related to reservation, from judicial scrutiny.
The Ninth Schedule was added to the Indian Constitution by the 1st Amendment Act, 1951, to protect certain laws, primarily those related to land reforms, from judicial review. It lists central and state laws that are immune from challenge in courts on the grounds of violating fundamental rights.