UPSC Notes

PM-KUSUM Scheme

PYQs

8

Articles

1

Momentum

21

Phase IFoundation

Background

Overview

PM-KUSUM is a significant government initiative directly impacting farmer welfare, renewable energy adoption in agriculture, and the energy-water nexus. It also highlights the complexities and challenges of federal implementation of central schemes, a recurring theme in governance.

The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM) is a Central government scheme launched to provide financial and water security to farmers by promoting the use of solar energy for irrigation and enabling them to generate additional income by selling surplus solar power to the grid.

Phase IIStatic core

Facts & tables

Key facts

Primary Objective

To de-dieselise the agriculture sector, provide energy and water security to farmers, and augment their income through solar power generation.

Components

Includes installation of standalone solar pumps, solarisation of existing grid-connected agriculture pumps, and setting up grid-connected solar power plants (0.5 MW to 2 MW) on barren/fallow land or agricultural land.

Implementation Model

A Central scheme, but its execution is entirely at the State level, leading to variations in progress and challenges across states.

Benefits to Farmers

Reduces irrigation costs, provides reliable daytime power, and offers an additional income source by selling surplus electricity to the grid.

Reference table

Static syllabus anchors

TypeReference
Conceptual areaWelfare Schemes & Social Policies
Conceptual areaAgricultural Policies & Supply Chains
Conceptual areaRenewable & Clean Energy

Reference table

Institutions & roles

BodyRole
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)Nodal ministry for the scheme
State Energy DepartmentsPrimary implementing agencies at the state level
State Distribution Companies (DISCOMs)Responsible for purchasing power from farmer-owned solar plants
Phase IIIExam lens

Prelims angle

Overview

Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis

Prelims angle: Policy measures

Quick revision

  • Central scheme for solarisation of agriculture.
  • Aims for energy, water security, and income augmentation for farmers.
  • Includes standalone solar pumps, grid-connected pumps, and small solar plants.
  • Implementation is state-driven, leading to variations.
  • Contributes to farmer income and renewable energy targets.

High-confidence PYQs

Topic timeline

Welfare Schemes & Social PoliciesAgricultural Policies & Supply ChainsRenewable & Clean Energy
Prelims 2015· Factual recall, Purpose or function of a policy tool

Sowing the seeds of a solar power intervention

23 Aug 2026 · PM-KUSUM is a central scheme to solarise agriculture, providing farmers with solar pumps and opportunities to sell surplus power, aiming for energy and income security, though its state-level implementation faces hurdles.

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Related topics

Practice writing on this topic

UPSC has asked 8 linked questions on PM-KUSUM Scheme in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.

UPSC Prelims PYQs on PM-KUSUM Scheme

Practice official previous year questions asked by UPSC related to this concept.

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