Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC frequently asks about international environmental conventions, protected areas, and the ecological significance of wetlands. The judicial intervention highlights governance challenges and the role of courts in environmental protection.
Ramsar Sites are wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention, an intergovernmental environmental treaty established in 1971 by UNESCO. These sites are crucial for biodiversity conservation, providing vital ecosystem services, and supporting migratory bird populations globally.