Changes how notes pages look. Saved on this device.

Strait of Hormuz and Maritime Security

International Relations

  • PYQs5
  • Articles1
I

Background

Understanding global energy geopolitics, critical maritime trade routes, international law concerning freedom of navigation, and India's strategic interests in West Asia and global trade.

The Strait of Hormuz is a strategically vital narrow sea passage connecting the Persian Gulf to the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. It is one of the world's most important maritime choke points, through which a significant portion of global oil and gas supplies, as well as international trade, passes, making its security critical for global energy markets and economic stability.

II

Facts & tables

Location
Connects Persian Gulf to Arabian Sea/Gulf of Oman.
Global Significance
Approximately one-fifth of the world's total oil consumption passes through it.
Bordering Countries
Bordered by Iran (north) and Oman (south).
Economic Importance
Critical for global energy security and international trade.
Static syllabus anchors
Type Reference
Conceptual area International Relations
Conceptual area Physical & Regional Geography
Institutions & roles
Body Role
International Maritime Organization (IMO) Regulates shipping and maritime safety
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) Provides legal framework for maritime activities
III

Prelims angle

Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis

Prelims angle: Factual recall

  • Connects Persian Gulf to Gulf of Oman.
  • Major global oil transit route (1/5th global oil).
  • Critical for global energy security.
  • Geopolitical flashpoint in West Asia.
  • Ensuring freedom of navigation is key.
High-confidence PYQ links
Year Framing tags
2024 Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall
2024 Multi-statement analysis, Cause and effect relationships
2022 Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis
2016 Factual recall, Institutional roles and functions
2015 Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis

Timeline

  1. International Relations

    Conceptual area

  2. Physical & Regional Geography

    Conceptual area

  3. Prelims 2015

    Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis

  4. Prelims 2016

    Factual recall, Institutional roles and functions

  5. Prelims 2022

    Factual recall, Multi-statement analysis

  6. Prelims 2024

    Multi-statement analysis, Factual recall

  7. Prelims 2024

    Multi-statement analysis, Cause and effect relationships

  8. Prime Minister meets President of the United Arab Emirates on the sidelines of the G7 Summit

    The Strait of Hormuz is a critical maritime choke point for global oil trade and international commerce, making its security paramount for energy markets and geopolitical stability.

See also

Strait of Hormuz and Maritime Security
Geopolitics of Energy and Global Oil Markets

Past papers

In the news

Try these PYQs

UPSC Prelims 2024 medium Geography Open full page

Consider the following statements:

Statement-I : Sumed pipeline is a strategic route for Persian Gulf oil and natural gas shipments to Europe.
Statement-II : Sumed pipeline connects the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

UPSC Prelims 2016 easy International Relations Open full page

Which of the following is not a member of ‘Gulf Cooperation Council’?

UPSC Prelims 2015 medium International Relations Open full page

India is a member of which of the following?

1. Asia-Pacific economic corporation.
2. Association of South-East Asian Nations.
3. East Asia Summit

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

UPSC Prelims 2022 medium International Relations Open full page

Consider the following countries
1. Armenia
2. Azerbaijan
3. Croatia
4. Romania
5. Uzbekistan

Which of the above are members of the Organization of Turkic States?

UPSC Prelims 2024 medium International Relations Open full page

Consider the following statements :

Statement-I : There is instability and worsening security situation in the Sahel region.
Statement-II: There have been military takeovers/coups d'état in several countries of the Sahel region in the recent past.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?