Western Ghats conservation with science and dialogue

The article discusses the protracted efforts and challenges in declaring Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs) in the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and biodiversity hotspot. It details the recommendations of the Madhav Gadgil (WGEEP) and K. Kasturirangan (HLWG) committees, the subsequent draft notifications by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), and the persistent opposition from states like Karnataka. Key concerns include the impact on local livelihoods, agriculture, mining, and infrastructure development, as well as issues with identification methods (satellite imagery) and the need for an empathetic approach that includes indigenous communities.