GS-2Editorials26 August 2026thehindu.com

The limits of air power, implications for theatre-isation

The article analyzes the limitations of air power in modern warfare, drawing lessons from the Ukraine and Iran conflicts, where air superiority alone proved insufficient to achieve decisive victory. It then applies these insights to India's military strategy, focusing on the Indian Air Force's (IAF) preference for operational flexibility over fixed theatre commands. The author argues that while the IAF's current approach has been effective against Pakistan, it may be inadequate against China due to factors like advanced networked air defense, China's strategic depth, the cost-arithmetic of modern weaponry (drones vs. interceptors), and challenging Himalayan terrain. The article advocates for theatre-isation and enhanced 'jointness' among India's armed forces to address integration deficits and ensure readiness for potential future conflicts, particularly along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), emphasizing that this decision ultimately rests with India's political leadership.

The article analyzes the limitations of air power in modern warfare, drawing lessons from the Ukraine and Iran conflicts, where air superiority alone proved insufficient to achieve decisive victory. It then applies these insights to India's military strategy, focusing on the Indian Air Force's (IAF) preference for operational flexibility over fixed theatre commands. The author argues that while the IAF's current approach has been effective against Pakistan, it may be inadequate against China due to factors like advanced networked air defense, China's strategic depth, the cost-arithmetic of modern weaponry (drones vs. interceptors), and challenging Himalayan terrain. The article advocates for theatre-isation and enhanced 'jointness' among India's armed forces to address integration deficits and ensure readiness for potential future conflicts, particularly along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), emphasizing that this decision ultimately rests with India's political leadership.

Exam linkage

GS-2: International Relations (India and its neighborhood, defense policy aspects); GS-3: Internal Security (various security forces and agencies and their mandate, border areas).

Syllabus mapping

International RelationsGeopolitics & International ConflictsIndian Culture Art ArchitectureModern Indian HistoryIndian Society DiversityGlobalization Indian SocietySocial Empowerment Communalism

This topic appears in Mains

Questions on International Relations come up regularly in GS papers. Practice writing an answer — and see exactly what earns marks.

Editorial & Review Process

Every current affairs analysis and practice question on UPSC Practice is researched using authoritative primary sources and reviewed for factual accuracy and syllabus relevance. Read our Editorial Policy.

Verified Quality