GS-3News & Analysis30 August 2026indianexpress.com

What are ‘hanging glaciers’ and why are they a major risk for India?

The article explains 'hanging glaciers,' which are ice masses perched on steep slopes that can detach and cause massive avalanches, posing a significant risk to India, particularly in the Himalayas. Driven by rising temperatures and climate variability, these glaciers are becoming increasingly unstable. A study identified 219 hanging glaciers in the Alaknanda basin of the Garhwal Himalayas, projecting a substantial increase in at-risk infrastructure and population by 2030. Break-offs can trigger secondary hazards like glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). The article highlights the need for systematic monitoring, risk-informed land-use planning, and a global transition to carbon-free energy, drawing parallels with recent devastating floods in Nepal and the 2021 Chamoli disaster in India, emphasizing preparedness over reaction.

The article explains 'hanging glaciers,' which are ice masses perched on steep slopes that can detach and cause massive avalanches, posing a significant risk to India, particularly in the Himalayas. Driven by rising temperatures and climate variability, these glaciers are becoming increasingly unstable. A study identified 219 hanging glaciers in the Alaknanda basin of the Garhwal Himalayas, projecting a substantial increase in at-risk infrastructure and population by 2030. Break-offs can trigger secondary hazards like glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). The article highlights the need for systematic monitoring, risk-informed land-use planning, and a global transition to carbon-free energy, drawing parallels with recent devastating floods in Nepal and the 2021 Chamoli disaster in India, emphasizing preparedness over reaction.

Exam linkage

GS1: Physical Geography (Glaciers, Climate Change), Disaster Management (Floods, Avalanches). GS3: Environment & Ecology (Climate Change, Environmental Degradation), Disaster Management.

Syllabus mapping

Environment & EcologyClimate Change & ConventionsEnvironmental Law & PolicyIndian Culture Art ArchitectureModern Indian HistoryFreedom StruggleIndian Society DiversityGlobalization Indian Society

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