Ethics 10 Marks Section A

What does this quotation mean to you in the present context

“The true rule, in determining to embrace, or reject anything, is not whether it has any evil in it; but whether it has more evil than good. There are few things wholly evil or wholly good. Almost everything, especially of governmental policy, is an inseparable compound of the two; so that our best judgement of the preponderance between them is continually demanded. ”Abraham Lincoln

Directive: Comment 10 marks
Introduction: Understanding Lincoln's Core Message

Lincoln's quote emphasizes that most decisions, especially in public policy, are not purely good or evil but a complex mix. Ethical choice involves discerning the 'preponderance' of good over evil, not seeking absolute perfection. This demands continuous, nuanced judgment and a willingness to make difficult trade-offs.

Relevance in Present Context: Governance and Policy Making

This principle is vital today, applicable to dilemmas like balancing economic growth with environmental protection, security with liberty, or welfare with fiscal prudence. Policies inherently involve compromises, rarely being wholly beneficial or detrimental.

Implications for Civil Servants and Ethical Decision-making

For civil servants, this necessitates objectivity, integrity, courage, and practical wisdom. It acknowledges public administration's inherent complexity and moral ambiguity, requiring a pragmatic ethical approach focused on maximizing overall societal well-being through informed choices despite imperfect options.

116 words · target ~150

The directive requires a personal interpretation of the given quotation and its application to contemporary issues, especially in governance.

Suggested structure

  • Introduction: Understanding Lincoln's core message

  • Elaboration of the 'Preponderance' Principle

  • Relevance in Present Context: Governance and Policy Making

  • Implications for Civil Servants and Ethical Decision-making

  • Conclusion: The Enduring Wisdom of Balanced Judgement

Key points

  • Most decisions, especially in public policy, are not purely good or evil but a mix.

  • Ethical choice involves discerning the 'preponderance' of good over evil, not seeking absolute perfection.

  • This demands continuous, nuanced judgment and a willingness to make difficult trade-offs.

  • Applicable to contemporary dilemmas like balancing economic growth vs. environmental protection, security vs. liberty, or welfare vs. fiscal prudence.

  • Highlights the need for objectivity, integrity, courage, and practical wisdom in civil servants.

  • Acknowledges the inherent complexity and moral ambiguity in public administration, requiring a pragmatic ethical approach.

Common mistakes

  • Failing to provide a personal interpretation ('what it means to you').

  • Not adequately linking the quote to the 'present context' and contemporary governance issues.

  • Treating the quote as a purely philosophical statement without practical application.

  • Overlooking the 'continuous judgement' aspect, implying a one-time decision rather than ongoing ethical vigilance.

Difficulty: Medium — The question requires understanding a nuanced philosophical quote, interpreting its meaning personally, and applying it to current governance challenges. It tests analytical, ethical reasoning, and application skills rather than mere factual recall.