Ethics 10 Marks Section A

Differentiate ‘moral intuition’ from ‘moral reasoning with suitable examples.

Directive: Differentiate 10 marks
Introduction

Moral judgment involves discerning right from wrong. This process can occur through immediate feelings or deliberate thought, leading to two distinct approaches: moral intuition and moral reasoning.

Body
Moral Intuition

Moral intuition is an immediate, automatic, and often emotion-driven gut feeling about right or wrong, without conscious deliberation. It is fast, non-reflective, and subconscious, providing quick judgments.

  • Example: Instantly feeling that harming an innocent child is wrong, without needing to think why.
Moral Reasoning

Moral reasoning is a conscious, deliberate, and analytical process of evaluating moral issues using principles, logic, and ethical frameworks. It is slow, reflective, and conscious, providing justification and coherence.

  • Example: Deliberating on the ethical implications of a complex policy decision, weighing utilitarian outcomes versus individual rights.
Key Differences
AspectMoral IntuitionMoral Reasoning
NatureImmediate, automatic, gut feelingConscious, deliberate, analytical
ProcessFast, non-reflective, subconsciousSlow, reflective, conscious
OutputQuick judgmentJustification, coherence
Conclusion

Both intuition and reasoning are crucial for comprehensive moral decision-making, with intuition guiding initial responses and reasoning providing depth and justification.

162 words · target ~150

The directive requires defining both terms and clearly outlining their distinctions, supported by examples.

Suggested structure

  • Introduction to Moral Judgment

  • Moral Intuition: Definition and Features

  • Moral Reasoning: Definition and Features

  • Key Differences (Comparative Analysis)

  • Illustrative Examples

  • Conclusion

Key points

  • Moral intuition is an immediate, automatic, and often emotion-driven gut feeling about right or wrong.

  • Moral reasoning is a conscious, deliberate, and analytical process of evaluating moral issues using principles and logic.

  • Intuition is fast, non-reflective, and often subconscious, while reasoning is slow, reflective, and conscious.

  • Intuition provides a quick judgment; reasoning provides justification and coherence.

  • Example for intuition: Instantly feeling that harming an innocent child is wrong, without needing to think why.

  • Example for reasoning: Deliberating on the ethical implications of a complex policy decision, weighing utilitarian outcomes versus individual rights.

Common mistakes

  • Describing intuition and reasoning separately without explicit differentiation.

  • Providing weak or ambiguous examples that don't clearly illustrate the concepts.

  • Confusing moral intuition with simple emotional reactions or personal biases.

  • Lack of a clear, structured comparison (e.g., using a table or distinct comparative paragraphs).

Difficulty: Medium — The concepts are foundational in ethics, but clearly differentiating them with precise definitions and distinct examples requires a good understanding and structured presentation, which can be challenging for some.