UPSC Prelims 2014
Environment & Ecology
Lichens, which are capable of initiating ecological succession even on a bare rock, are actually a symbiotic association of
Explanation
In organisms called lichens, a chlorophyll-containing partner, which is an algae, and a fungus live together. Fungus provides shelter, water, and minerals to the algae. In return, the algae provides food which it prepares by photosynthesis.