The term "Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS)" refers to tax planning strategies used by multinational companies to artificially shift profits from higher-tax jurisdictions to lower-tax jurisdictions, thereby reducing their overall tax liabilities. This practice often involves exploiting gaps and mismatches in tax rules between different countries. BEPS has been a major concern for governments worldwide as it can lead to significant revenue losses and erode the tax base of countries where economic activity occurs. Efforts to address BEPS involve cooperation among countries to develop common standards and guidelines to prevent tax avoidance by multinational corporations.