Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
This event represents a landmark constitutional change with profound implications for India's federal structure, centre-state relations, fundamental rights in the region, and its foreign policy, particularly concerning Pakistan and international perceptions. It is a critical case study for Indian Polity and Governance.
Article 370 of the Indian Constitution granted special autonomous status to Jammu and Kashmir. Its abrogation in August 2019, along with the enactment of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, led to the bifurcation of the state into two Union Territories: Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh, fundamentally altering its constitutional relationship with the Union.