Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
El Niño significantly influences rainfall patterns, leading to droughts or floods, impacting agriculture, water security, and the economy, making its understanding crucial for national policy planning and disaster preparedness.
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a recurring climate pattern involving changes in the temperature of waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, coupled with changes in the atmosphere. It significantly influences global weather patterns, including the Indian monsoon, often leading to extreme weather events.