Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC frequently examines the nature, causes, and solutions to internal security threats, including left-wing extremism, cross-border terrorism, and insurgencies, and their impact on national development, governance, and regional stability.
Internal security challenges encompass threats to a nation's stability from within its borders, often involving non-state actors like insurgent groups or terrorist organizations employing violence to achieve political objectives. These challenges can manifest as armed rebellions, terrorist attacks, or organized crime, undermining governance and public order.