Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
Migration is a critical global phenomenon with profound socio-economic, demographic, and security implications. UPSC examines its causes, impacts, and policy responses, including international cooperation, border management strategies, and the humanitarian aspects.
Irregular migration refers to the movement of people across national borders without authorization, often driven by economic hardship, conflict, or political instability. It poses significant challenges for border security, humanitarian aid, and international relations, requiring comprehensive strategies for management and cooperation.