UPSC Notes

National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP)

PYQs

12

Articles

2

Momentum

31

Phase IFoundation

Background

Overview

Disaster management is a critical governance challenge in India, frequently tested in GS1 (Geography, Disaster Management), GS2 (Governance, Policies), and GS3 (Internal Security, Environment). Understanding the national framework is essential for policy analysis and administrative preparedness.

The National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) is India's comprehensive framework for disaster risk reduction and management, outlining the roles and responsibilities of various government levels and stakeholders. It was first issued in 2016 and subsequently revised in 2019.

Phase IIStatic core

Facts & tables

Key facts

First Issued

2016

Revised

2019

Objective

Defines roles and responsibilities for disaster risk reduction across Central, State, and District levels.

Key Feature

Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Phases

Includes mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

Proactive Governance

Emphasized for minimizing loss of life and property through early action.

Measures

Evacuation, suspension of transport/services, and power cuts to minimize risks.

Goal

Aim for a 'zero-disruption approach' to minimize social and economic impacts on livelihoods and infrastructure.

Reference table

Static syllabus anchors

TypeReference
Conceptual areaDisaster Management
Conceptual areaGovernance
Conceptual areaPublic Administration

Reference table

Institutions & roles

BodyRole
Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)Oversight
National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)Implements
State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs)Implementation and coordination at state level
Phase IIIExam lens

Prelims angle

Overview

Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis

Prelims angle: Policy measures

Quick revision

  • First issued in 2016, revised in 2019.
  • Comprehensive framework for disaster risk reduction.
  • Defines roles for Central, State, and District levels.
  • Mainstreams Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR).
  • Overseen by Ministry of Home Affairs.

High-confidence PYQs

Topic timeline

Disaster ManagementGovernancePublic Administration

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

22 Jul 2026 · India's National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP), first issued in 2016 and revised in 2019, is a comprehensive framework defining roles for disaster risk reduction across central, state, and district levels, with mainstreaming DRR as a core pillar.

Read article

Hunker down: On Cyclone Arnab, its landfall

29 Oct 2026 · Disaster management in India involves a comprehensive approach to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters, with a focus on proactive governance, early warning, and minimizing socio-economic disruptions.

Read article

Related topics

Practice writing on this topic

UPSC has asked 12 linked questions on National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.

UPSC Prelims PYQs on National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP)

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