Internal Security 10 Marks

Left-wing extremism (LWE) is showing a downward trend but still affects many parts of the country. Briefly explain the Government of India’s approach to counter the challenges posed by LWE.

Directive: Explain 10 marks
Introduction

Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) shows a downward trend but still affects parts of India. The Government of India adopts a comprehensive, multi-pronged strategy integrating security, development, and governance to counter this challenge.

Body
Security-related Measures
  • Enhanced deployment of Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) and improved intelligence sharing.
  • Modernization of State Police Forces (e.g., MPF scheme) strengthens operational capabilities.
Developmental and Livelihood Measures
  • Infrastructure (roads, telecom), education, health, and financial inclusion in LWE areas (e.g., Special Central Assistance).
  • Skill development and employment for local youth to integrate them into the mainstream.
Governance and Rights-based Approach
  • Effective implementation of PESA and Forest Rights Act (FRA) empowers local communities.
  • Improved public service delivery and local administration.
  • A Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy encourages LWE cadres to renounce violence.
Coordination and Capacity Building

Training of security forces, technology integration, and strengthening inter-state and Centre-state coordination.

Conclusion

This integrated approach addresses root causes, ensures security, and fosters inclusive growth, aiming for long-term peace and stability in affected regions.

159 words · target ~150

Provide a concise and clear account of the government's multi-pronged strategy to tackle Left-wing extremism (LWE).

Suggested structure

  • Introduction: Acknowledge LWE status and GoI's holistic approach

  • Security-related Measures

  • Developmental Measures

  • Rights-based and Governance Measures

  • Coordination and Capacity Building

  • Conclusion: Reiterate comprehensive nature and ongoing efforts

Key points

  • Security-centric approach: Enhanced deployment of CAPFs, intelligence sharing, modernization of state police forces (e.g., MPF scheme).

  • Developmental interventions: Focus on infrastructure (roads, telecom), education, health, and financial inclusion in LWE-affected areas (e.g., Special Central Assistance).

  • Livelihood generation: Skill development and employment opportunities for local youth to integrate them into the mainstream economy.

  • Good Governance: Ensuring effective implementation of PESA and FRA, improving public service delivery and local administration.

  • Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy: Encouraging LWE cadres to renounce violence and join the mainstream with provisions for rehabilitation.

  • Capacity building: Training of security forces, use of technology, and strengthening inter-state and Centre-state coordination.

Common mistakes

  • Focusing solely on security measures and neglecting the developmental aspects of the strategy.

  • Providing a generic answer on internal security without specific reference to LWE policies or schemes.

  • Exceeding the 'briefly explain' limit with excessive historical context or detailed statistics.

  • Not mentioning the multi-pronged or holistic nature of the government's approach.

Difficulty: Medium — The question requires knowledge of specific government policies and a balanced understanding of both security and development aspects of LWE. The 'briefly explain' directive demands conciseness while covering a comprehensive strategy, which can be challenging.