Environment & Ecology 10 Marks

What are the salient features of the Jal Shakti Abhiyan launched by the Government of India for water conservation and water security?

Directive: Explain 10 marks
Introduction

The Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA), launched in 2019 by the Ministry of Jal Shakti, is a time-bound, mission-mode campaign. Its goal is to improve water security and promote conservation through a multi-pronged approach across India.

Salient Features of Jal Shakti Abhiyan
Core Intervention Areas

JSA primarily focuses on five critical intervention areas to enhance water availability and management:

  • Rainwater harvesting structures.
  • Renovation of traditional and other water bodies.
  • Reuse and recharge structures, including borewell recharge.
  • Watershed development activities.
  • Intensive afforestation drives.
Implementation Strategy and Objectives

The Abhiyan emphasizes a 'Jan Andolan' (people's movement), fostering extensive community participation for sustainable water management. It promotes convergence of various Central and State schemes for integrated planning and efficient resource utilization.

Targeting water-stressed districts and blocks, JSA aims to improve groundwater levels and overall water availability. It seeks to create widespread awareness and build local capacity for efficient water use and conservation.

Conclusion

By integrating these features, JSA strives to achieve long-term water security and resilience, particularly in vulnerable regions, through a collaborative and holistic framework.

165 words · target ~150

The directive 'explain' requires a clear and detailed description of the features, providing reasons or context where necessary.

Suggested structure

  • Introduction to Jal Shakti Abhiyan and its overarching goal

  • Five key intervention areas/pillars of the Abhiyan

  • Implementation strategy and approach (e.g., convergence, people's participation)

  • Focus areas and target beneficiaries

  • Overall objectives for water conservation and security

  • Conclusion on its significance and impact

Key points

  • Launched in 2019 by the Ministry of Jal Shakti as a time-bound, mission-mode campaign.

  • Focuses on five key interventions: rainwater harvesting, renovation of traditional water bodies, reuse and recharge structures, watershed development, and intensive afforestation.

  • Emphasizes people's participation (Jan Andolan) and community engagement for sustainable water management.

  • Promotes convergence of various Central and State government schemes for integrated planning and implementation.

  • Targets water-stressed districts and blocks for focused interventions to improve groundwater levels and water availability.

  • Aims to create awareness and build capacity among local communities for water conservation and efficient water use.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing Jal Shakti Abhiyan with other water-related schemes like Jal Jeevan Mission.

  • Providing generic points on water conservation rather than specific features of the Abhiyan.

  • Failing to mention the 'mission-mode' or 'campaign' approach and its time-bound nature.

  • Not adequately detailing the five core intervention areas.

Difficulty: Medium — Requires specific factual recall of a prominent government scheme's core components and implementation strategy, which can be challenging to detail comprehensively for a 10-mark question without prior preparation.