Indian Hydrography & Water Bodies

The Inland Waterways Authority of India under the Ministry of Shipping had proposed to guide and support Rajasthan government for building an Inland Shipping Port at Jalore. The port and the terminal that are to be created will help develop inland navigation facilities in western Rajasthan and will also bring about socio-economic development of the region. Business development opportunities along the canal for limestone, gypsum, lignite, and cement factories are to be explored by the state government.

All the three are tributaries of the Brahmaputra. Manas, Dibang, Kameng and Lohit are the key tributaries of the river Brahmaputra.

India took a step forward in its ambitious but long-pending goal to interlink major rivers to form a national water grid. The Pattiseema project lifts flood water from the river Godavari and pumps it into the Polavaram right canal that empties into the river Krishna in Vijayawada. Andhra Pradesh Government is interlinking Krishna-Godavari rivers through the Pattiseema lift irrigation scheme. Hence, option B is the correct Answer.

Indravati and Pranhita: These are major left-bank tributaries of the Godavari River. Vamsadhara: This river flows independently into the Bay of Bengal and is not a tributary of Godavari. Pennar: This river flows entirely within Andhra Pradesh and drains into the Bay of Bengal south of Chennai. It's not a tributary of Godavari.

Pair 1 is correct: The Harike Wetland is formed at the confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers in Punjab, India. Pair 2 is incorrect: Keoladeo Ghana National Park, also known as Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, is not located at the confluence of these rivers. It's a man-made wetland in Rajasthan, located on the confluence of River Gambhir and River Banganga. Pair 3 is incorrect: Kolleru Lake is a freshwater lake in Andhra Pradesh and is not located where the Musi and Krishna rivers meet. It lies between the Krishna and Godavari deltas. Thus, only pair one is correctly matched.

The Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands. - The Ten Degree Channel is named so because it lies on the 10th degree of latitude north of the equator.
- The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a union territory of India, but they are two distinct island groups separated by this channel.

Barak: The Barak River is important in Manipur and Mizoram, but it does not flow through Arunachal Pradesh. Lohit: The Lohit River originates in the eastern end of the Himalayas in the Mishmi Hills of Arunachal Pradesh and flows through the districts of Anjaw, Lohit, and Dibrugarh in Arunachal Pradesh. Subansiri: The Subansiri River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River and flows through Arunachal Pradesh. Therefore, only the Lohit and Subansiri rivers flow through Arunachal Pradesh. Option (B) 2 and 3 only

Pair 1 is incorrect: Ramganga River (not the Ganga River) passes through Jim Corbett National Park, located in Uttarakhand state, which is the oldest national park of India. Pair 2 is incorrect: Kaziranga in Assam is a vast stretch of tall elephant grass, marshland and dense tropical moist broadleaf forests crisscrossed by four main rivers Brahmaputra, Diphlu, Mora Diphlu and Mora Dhansiri and has numerous small water bodies. Pair 3 is incorrect: The Kunthipuzha River passes through the Silent Valley National Park, located in the Kerala state. Thus, no pair is correctly matched.

Statement 1 is correct: The Narmada River flows through a linear rift valley, formed due to faulting and subsidence between two upland regions — the Vindhya Range (north) and the Satpura Range (south). This tectonic feature directs the river’s flow toward the west. Statement 2 is incorrect: The river indeed flows between the Vindhyas and the Satpuras, following the east–west oriented rift valley, But do not adequately explain why Narmada flows westward. Confinement could lead a river to flow in either direction. Statement 3 is incorrect: The general slope of the Peninsular Plateau is from west to east, which is why most peninsular rivers (like Godavari, Krishna, and Mahanadi) flow eastward into the Bay of Bengal. The Narmada’s westward flow is an exception due to its rift valley structure, not due to land slope.