PYQs
8
Articles
1
Momentum
21
Crucial for predicting monsoon performance, agricultural planning, water resource management, and understanding global climate teleconnections affecting India.
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a recurring climate pattern involving changes in the temperature of waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, significantly influencing global weather patterns, including the Indian monsoon.
Phases
El Niño (unusual warming of Pacific waters), La Niña (unusual cooling of Pacific waters), and Neutral.
Impact on India
El Niño is typically associated with weaker monsoon rainfall and droughts in India; La Niña often brings stronger monsoons.
Mechanism
Involves complex interactions between ocean surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure (Southern Oscillation).
Static syllabus anchors
| Type | Reference |
|---|---|
| Conceptual area | Physical & Regional Geography |
| Conceptual area | Climate Change & Conventions |
Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis
Prelims angle: Conceptual understanding
Consider the following statements: Statement I: Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth’s rotation and axis. Statement II: Sol...
Consider the following statements: Statement I: In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and po...
Consider the following statements: Statement I: Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth’s rotation and axis. Statement II: Sol...
Consider the following statements: Statement I: In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and po...
Which of the following is/are correct inference/inferences from isothermal maps in the month of January?. 1. The isotherms deviate to the north over the oce...
One of the following regions has the world's largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels; and...
Which of the following is/are correct inference/inferences from isothermal maps in the month of January?. 1. The isotherms deviate to the north over the oce...
One of the following regions has the world's largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels; and...
Which of the following is/are correct inference/inferences from isothermal maps in the month of January?. 1. The isotherms deviate to the north over the oce...
Open questionOne of the following regions has the world's largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels; and...
Open questionWhich of the following is/are correct inference/inferences from isothermal maps in the month of January?. 1. The isotherms deviate to the north over the oce...
Open questionOne of the following regions has the world's largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels; and...
Open questionConsider the following statements: Statement I: Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth’s rotation and axis. Statement II: Sol...
Open questionConsider the following statements: Statement I: In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and po...
Open questionConsider the following statements: Statement I: Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth’s rotation and axis. Statement II: Sol...
Open questionConsider the following statements: Statement I: In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and po...
Open questionIs India getting hotter?
31 May 2026 · ENSO is a major Pacific Ocean climate pattern with El Niño (warming) and La Niña (cooling) phases, profoundly impacting global weather, especially weakening the Indian monsoon during El Niño events.
Read articleUPSC has asked 8 linked questions on El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.
