Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC frequently tests understanding of fundamental rights, their scope, limitations, and the balance between individual liberties and the state's power to maintain public order. Recent events involving protests and state responses make this a recurring theme.
The Indian Constitution guarantees its citizens the right to assemble peacefully and without arms under Article 19(1)(b). This fundamental right is crucial for a vibrant democracy, allowing individuals and groups to express dissent, voice grievances, and influence public policy. However, this right is not absolute and is subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by the state in the interest of public order, sovereignty and integrity of India, etc., under Article 19(3).