Science & Technology 12 Marks

Give an account of the current status
and the targets to be achieved
pertaining to renewable energy sources
in the country. Discuss in brief the
importance of the National Programme
on Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs).

Directive: Discuss 12 marks
Introduction

India is rapidly expanding its renewable energy capacity to meet growing demand and combat climate change, positioning itself as a global leader in sustainable energy transition.

Current Status and Targets of Renewable Energy

India's installed renewable energy (RE) capacity (excluding large hydro) exceeds 130 GW, ranking among top global players, primarily from solar and wind.

  • Targets: Aimed for 175 GW by 2022, pledged 500 GW non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 (COP26), and Net-Zero by 2070.
  • Initiatives: Supported by solar parks, PLI schemes, and Green Energy Corridors.
Importance of National Programme on LEDs

The UJALA and Street Lighting National Programme (SLNP) promote energy-efficient LED lighting across the country.

  • Aims: Reduce electricity consumption, lower bills, decrease carbon emissions, and manage peak demand.
  • Impact: Achieved massive energy savings, environmental benefits, and enhanced energy security.
Conclusion

These comprehensive efforts in RE generation and energy efficiency underscore India's commitment to a sustainable and energy-secure future.

136 words · target ~150

The answer should provide a factual description of the current status and targets for renewable energy, and briefly analyze the importance of the National Programme on LEDs.

Suggested structure

  • Introduction to India's Renewable Energy Ambitions

  • Current Status of Renewable Energy Sources in India

  • Targets for Renewable Energy Achievement

  • Importance of the National Programme on LEDs (UJALA/SLNP)

  • Conclusion: India's Path to Sustainable Energy

Key points

  • India's current installed renewable energy capacity (excluding large hydro) and its global standing.

  • Key renewable energy sources: Solar, Wind, Small Hydro, Biomass, and their respective contributions.

  • Specific targets: 175 GW by 2022 (original), 500 GW non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 (COP26 pledge), and Net-Zero by 2070.

  • Government initiatives supporting RE growth (e.g., solar parks, PLI schemes, Green Energy Corridors).

  • National Programme on LEDs (UJALA/SLNP) aims: energy efficiency, reduced electricity bills, lower carbon emissions, and peak demand management.

  • Impact of LED program: massive energy savings, environmental benefits, and contribution to energy security.

Common mistakes

  • Not providing specific, up-to-date figures for current renewable energy capacity or targets.

  • Confusing different renewable energy targets or failing to mention the latest pledges (e.g., COP26 commitments).

  • Describing the LED program without adequately discussing its 'importance' or broader impact.

  • Lack of balance between the two parts of the question (renewable energy vs. LEDs).

Difficulty: Medium — The question requires specific, up-to-date factual recall regarding renewable energy capacity and evolving targets. It also demands a structured answer addressing two distinct components (RE status/targets and LED program importance) within a limited word count, requiring both descriptive and analytical skills.