GS 1

UPSC Mains 2025

20 questions · 250 marks · Indian Heritage & Culture, History, Geography of the World and Society

Indian Society 15 Marks

Q1. Does tribal development in India centre around two axes, those of displacement and of rehabilitation? Give your opinion.

Indian Society 15 Marks

Q2. Achieving sustainable growth with emphasis on environmental protection could come into conflict with poor people’s needs in a country like India – Comment.

Indian Society 15 Marks

Q3. How do you account for the growing fast food industries given that there are increased health concerns in modern society? Illustrate your answer with the Indian experience.

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Indian Geography 15 Marks

Q4. Discuss the distribution and density of population in the Ganga River Basin with special reference to land, soil and water resources.

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Physical Geography 15 Marks

Q5. Discuss how the changes in shape and sizes of continents and ocean basins take place due to tectonic movements of the crustal masses.

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World Geography 15 Marks

Q6. How can Artificial Intelligence (AI) and drones be effectively used along with GIS and RS techniques in locational and areal planning?

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World Geography 15 Marks

Q7. Give a geographical explanation of the distribution of off-shore oil reserves of the world. How are they different from the on-shore occurrences of oil reserves?

World History 15 Marks

Q8. The French Revolution has enduring relevance to the contemporary world. Explain.

Post-independence consolidation and reorganization 15 Marks

Q9. Trace India’s consolidation process during early phase of independence in terms of polity, economy, education and international relations.

Modern History 15 Marks

Q10. Mahatma Jotirao Phule’s writings and efforts of social reforms touched issues of almost all subaltern classes. Discuss.

Indian Society 10 Marks

Q11. Do you think that globalization results in only an aggressive consumer culture? Justify your answer.

Indian Society 10 Marks

Q12. The ethos of civil service in India stand for the combination of professionalism with nationalistic consciousness – Elucidate.

Indian Society 10 Marks

Q13. How does smart city in India address the issues of urban poverty and distributive justice?

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Physical Geography 10 Marks

Q14. What are Tsunamis? How and where are they formed? What are their consequences? Explain with examples.

View answer Explain
Indian Geography 10 Marks

Q15. Explain briefly the ecological and economic benefits of solar energy generation in India with suitable examples.

View answer Explain
Indian Geography 10 Marks

Q16. What are non-farm primary activities? How are these activities related to physiographic features in India? Discuss with suitable examples.

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World Geography 10 Marks

Q17. How are climate change and the sea level rise affecting the very existence of many island nations? Discuss with examples.

Art & Culture 10 Marks

Q18. The sculptors filled the Chandella artform with resilient vigor and breadth of life. Elucidate.

Art & Culture 10 Marks

Q19. Examine the main aspects of Akbar’s religious syncretism.

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Art & Culture 10 Marks

Q20. Discuss the salient features of the Harappan architecture.

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